What term refers to an image or effect that deceives the eye?

The correct term that refers to an image or effect that deceives the eye is "illusion." This concept is fundamental in various fields, including art, design, and psychology, where the perception of reality can be altered through visual techniques. Illusions can create images that appear different from reality, leading viewers to interpret them in ways that might not match actual physical properties.

In contrast, reflection involves the bouncing back of light from surfaces, which does not inherently deceive the eye but rather reveals the true nature of the reflected object. Perspective refers to the technique in art that gives depth and dimension to a flat surface, guiding our perception of spatial relationships without necessarily deceiving it. Shadowing is related to the creation of shadows in art and design, which can enhance realism but does not specifically imply deception in visual perception.